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The meat may also be grated and mixed with water to make coconut milk, which is used in cooking and as a substitute for cows milk. Coconut plantations can provide wildlife and habitat conservation economic buffer zones. For other uses, see, "Grated coconut" redirects here. Wiki User. Coconut flesh is either eaten raw or dried to form copra, the meat of the seed and the source for coconut oil. 2,0004,000 adventitious roots may grow, each about 1cm (12in) large. This accompanies the palagip (prayer to the dead). A sugar containing juice which is obtained by tapping unopened spadix is known as toddy. Be notified when an answer is posted. A hard shell encloses the embryo with its abundant endosperm, composed of both meat and liquid. It is also used as a natural moisturizer, especially for winter. [49][4][48][60], The coconut played a critical role in the migrations of the Austronesian peoples. Economic aspects of Coconut Lethal Yellowing in Jamaica [92][93][94] Training schools for pig-tailed macaques still exist both in southern Thailand and in the Malaysian state of Kelantan. Coconut production in the Philippines - Wikipedia What are the importance of coconut and its different uses? However, like most palm fossils, Cocos-like fossils are still putative, as they are usually difficult to identify. [107] The annual rainy season known locally as khareef or monsoon makes coconut cultivation easy on the Arabian east coast. [136][137] In the Philippines, sweetened reduced coconut milk is marketed as coconut syrup and is used for various desserts. PETA later clarified that the use of macaques is not practiced in the Philippines, India, Brazil, Colombia, Hawaii, and other major coconut-producing regions. [49][11][65][64], Another ancestral variety is the niu leka of Polynesia (sometimes called the "Compact Dwarfs"). As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. What happens to your body if you drink coconut water everyday? She has worked in some of the worlds most prestigious kitchens, and has published several cookbooks that have become bestsellers. Coconut is an important food crop produced worldwide and is a palm family member. Coconut oil is moisturizing and has been used for centuries as a hair tonic and skin care product. China is the largest producer of watermelon, Brazil of oranges, Italy of grapes and India of bananas. In the Philippines, the traditional tool is known as the halabas and is made from a long bamboo pole with a sickle-like blade mounted at the tip. Coconut oil is a "functional food" that is popular in traditional medicine in Asia and used worldwide to treat a wide variety of health problems from abscesses to upset stomachs. According to epidemiological research published in 1981, a group of Polynesians for whom coconut represented 60% of the daily diet had no evidence of heart disease or hypercholesterolemia, despite the high lauric and myristic acid intake. Elvira Bowen is a food expert who has dedicated her life to understanding the science of cooking. Coconut requires low to no inputs within an existing land use area unchanged in 100 years. Some dried coconut is purely coconut, but others are manufactured with other ingredients, such as sugar, propylene glycol, salt, and sodium metabisulfite. Mature Malakatad coconut meat has a tough texture and thus are processed before consumption or made into copra. The terminology is derived from the Tagalog language. Because the nuts can fall from a height of 30 yards, in Southern Asia and Australia, monkeys (e.g., Malaya macaques) are trained to harvest them. During germination, the embryo pushes out of the functional pore and forms a haustorium (the coconut sprout) inside the central cavity. ; Putter, C.A.J. [97], The Philippines is the world's second-largest producer of coconuts. The dry husk yields coir, a fibre highly resistant to salt water and used in the manufacture of ropes, mats, baskets, brushes, and brooms. (2008). De-husked coconuts are also easier for consumers to open, but have a shorter postharvest storage life of around two to three weeks at temperatures of 12 to 15C (54 to 59F) or up to 2 months at 0 to 1.5C (32.0 to 34.7F). Traditional areas of coconut in India are the states of Kerala, Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Goa, West Bengal, Pondicherry, Maharashtra and Islands of Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar. Only a few of the roots penetrate deep into the soil for stability. Spraying with wettable sulfur 0.4% or with Neem-based pesticides can give some relief, but is cumbersome and labor-intensive. It allows toxins to be thrown out of stomach. Male flower Bracteate, ebracteolate, sessile, staminate, incomplete, trimerous, actinomorphic and pistillodes are present. Based on color and size, younger coconuts tend to be smaller and have brighter colors, while more mature coconuts have browner colors and are larger. Very very educational many thanx for your elaborate description.Raheem, Your email address will not be published. What happens when you drink coconut water for 7 days? A long handle made from some other wood may be inserted into the base of the bundle and used as a two-handed broom. [58], The extent of cultivation in the tropics is threatening a number of habitats, such as mangroves; an example of such damage to an ecoregion is in the Petenes mangroves of the Yucatn. India contribute about 50% coir production. These skilled, unpaid laborers can pick hundreds of coconuts daily. It also promotes scalp health by fighting against insect bite, lice and dandruff. [26][27] The vast majority of Cocos-like fossils have been recovered generally from only two regions in the world: New Zealand and west-central India. Many insect pests and diseases affect the species and are a nuisance for commercial production. [14][16][17], Coconut fruits have two distinctive forms depending on domestication. What are the benefits of coconut products? Coconut milk contains 5% to 20% fat, while coconut cream contains around 20% to 50% fat. Climbers employed in coconut plantations often develop musculoskeletal disorders and risk severe injury or death from falling. Dried half shells are used as the bodies of musical instruments, including the Chinese yehu and banhu, along with the Vietnamese n go and Arabo-Turkic rebab. Saturated fats can easily filter and re-circulate molecules to facilitate absorption by liver. Several countries economies are based on the coconut palm. What are the economic importance of coconut? [34][35][36][37] Coco and coconut apparently came from 1521 encounters by Portuguese and Spanish explorers with Pacific Islanders, with the coconut shell reminding them of a ghost or witch in Portuguese folklore called coco (also cca). The study contended that an adaptation to coral atolls would explain the prehistoric and modern distributions of Cocos, would have provided the necessary evolutionary pressures, and would account for morphological factors such as a thick husk to protect against ocean degradation and provide a moist medium in which to germinate on sparse atolls. India: economic contribution of coconut | Statista Which Is Healthier Refined Or Unrefined Coconut Oil? Production is based in Southern Asia, Central and South America, Oceania and southern Africa; Asia accounts for 84 percent. Two of the pores are plugged (the "eyes"), while one is functional. Use aloe vera to keep skin strong and healthy. [164] The smell of coconuts comes from the 6-pentyloxan-2-one molecule, known as -decalactone in the food and fragrance industries. Flowers are protandrous, the female flowers open, after the male flowers have withered. ; Diekmann, M. [78], A more controversial method employed by a small number of coconut farmers in Thailand and Malaysia use trained pig-tailed macaques to harvest coconuts. Australian cities put much effort into de-fruiting decorative coconut trees to ensure that the mature coconuts do not fall and injure people. In the west coast of India, the palm is an essential component in the homestead system of farming. What's Funny About The Business Of Monkeys Picking Coconuts? The coconut tree provides food, fuel, cosmetics, folk medicine and building materials, among many other uses. The name comes from the old Portuguese word coco, meaning "head" or "skull", after the three indentations on the coconut shell that resemble facial features. On many islands, coconut is a staple in the diet. Oilseeds, overall. Hair loss is the most common cause of hair loss in men and women, and it is the most common cause of hair loss in women. [65][64] The fact that all dwarf coconuts share three genetic markers out of thirteen (which are only present in low frequencies in tall cultivars) makes it likely that they all originate from a single domesticated population. Why is coconut called the Tree of Life? All rights reserved. Coconut Prices Set to Soar Amid Civil War and Crop Failures; R Ford; The Grocer; April 8, 2011. [144], Coconut sap, usually extracted from cut inflorescence stalks is sweet when fresh and can be drunk as is such as in tuba fresca of Mexico (derived from the Philippine tub). Economic importance of coconut pdf - Znvyi nuciferae. [118][119], Maturity is difficult to assess on an unopened coconut, and there is no technically proven method for determining maturity. A study in 2008 showed that the coconuts in the Americas are genetically closest related to coconuts in the Philippines, and not to any other nearby coconut populations (including Polynesia). It was the world's largest producer for decades until a decline in production due to aging trees as well as typhoon devastation. About 75% of the world's supply of coconuts is produced by Indonesia, the Philippines, and India. Coconut meal leftovers from oil and milk production feeds livestock. As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. In addition to its economic value as a source of food and materials, the coconut is also an important source of income for many small-scale farmers and communities. [138] Coconut oil extracted from coconut milk or copra is also used for frying, cooking, and making margarine, among other uses.[134][139]. The boiled young seedlings of Borassus flabellifer palmyra palm are edible and its fruits are eaten raw. Economic Role Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the market's oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. [45], Modern genetic studies have identified the center of origin of coconuts as being the Central Indo-Pacific, the region between western Southeast Asia and Melanesia, where it shows greatest genetic diversity. [179] In the story of Sina and the Eel, the origin of the coconut is related as the beautiful woman Sina burying an eel, which eventually became the first coconut. Her articles have appeared in "Newton Magazine" and she has contributed to myriad popular books, including "Masters of Deception" and "Click: The Ultimate Photography Guide for Generation Now." Required fields are marked *. The endocarp or shell is used for fuel for making shell charcoal, activated carbon etc. Its versatility and value make it an important commodity that continues to play a vital role in the economic development of many countries around the world. Demand grew by 8 percent annually during 1993 to 2004. These provide substantial circumstantial evidence that deliberate Austronesian voyagers were involved in carrying coconuts across the Pacific Ocean and that they could not have dispersed worldwide without human agency. In 2007, the Philippines imposed a quarantine in Metro Manila and 26 provinces to stop the spread of the pest and protect the Philippine coconut industry managed by some 3.5million farmers.[75]. economic importance of coconut. Overall, unsweetened coconut meat makes a great addition to a balanced diet. [158], In World War II, coastwatcher scout Biuku Gasa was the first of two from the Solomon Islands to reach the shipwrecked and wounded crew of Motor Torpedo Boat PT-109 commanded by future U.S. president John F. Kennedy. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Economic And Social Department: The Statistical Division. [127][128][129] Desiccated coconut are used in confections and desserts such as macaroons. The process of husk extraction from the coir bypasses the retting process, using a custom-built coconut husk extractor designed by ASEANCanada Forest Tree Seed Centre in 1986. It provides the hair with natural shine and softness. It is most strikingly displayed in Madagascar, an island settled by Austronesian sailors at around 2000 to 1500 BP. In Vanuatu, coconut palms for copra production are generally spaced 9m (30ft) apart, allowing a tree density of 100 to 160 per hectare (40 to 65 per acre). The coconut was a critical food item for the people of Polynesia, and the Polynesians brought it with them as they spread to new islands.[170]. Research into countermeasures to these pests has as of 2009[update] yielded no results; researchers from the Kerala Agricultural University and the Central Plantation Crop Research Institute, Kasaragode, continue to work on countermeasures. [85], In cooler climates (but not less than USDA Zone 9), a similar palm, the queen palm (Syagrus romanzoffiana), is used in landscaping. Omani people needed the coir rope from the coconut fiber to stitch together their traditional seagoing dhow vessels in which nails were never used. [183] Another early mention of the coconut dates back to the "One Thousand and One Nights" story of Sinbad the Sailor wherein he bought and sold a coconut during his fifth voyage. [18][19][20] Economic welfare can be evaluated through consumer surplus and producer surplus. Coconuts were introduced by Europeans to the Americas only during the colonial era in the Columbian exchange, but there is evidence of a possible pre-Columbian introduction of Pacific coconuts to Panama by Austronesian sailors. [132] Coconut milk can be diluted to create coconut milk beverages. [84] Modern methods use hydraulic elevators mounted on tractors or ladders. C. binoriensis has been claimed by their authors to be the earliest known fossil of Cocos nucifera. They played a critical role in the long sea voyages of Austronesians by providing a portable source of food and water, as well as providing building materials for Austronesian outrigger boats. Several countries' economies are based on the coconut palm. Coconut copra, used to make coconut oil, is prepared at the coconut farms, using very simple techniques and taken to large scale oil mills through a complex and speculative marketing system. The coconut palm is an important crop in many tropical countries, providing food products and raw materials for industries (Jones, 1991). Production is based in Southern Asia, Central and South America, Oceania and southern Africa; Asia accounts for 84 percent. The Makapuno (phenomenon) coconut is recognized to be due to the absence of two enzymes in the nut that are responsible in the degradation of the galactomannan in the solid endosp Coconut buttons are often used for Hawaiian aloha shirts. [33], The name coconut is derived from the 16th-century Portuguese word coco, meaning 'head' or 'skull' after the three indentations on the coconut shell that resemble facial features. [172] Irrespective of their religious affiliations, fishermen of India often offer it to the rivers and seas in the hopes of having bountiful catches. Coconut (Cocos nucifera). Because the nuts can fall from a height of 30 yards, in Southern Asia and Australia, monkeys (e.g., Malaya macaques) are trained to harvest them. It is spread by host insects, that thrive on heavy turf grasses. [48][51][57] During the colonial era, Pacific coconuts were further introduced to Mexico from the Spanish East Indies via the Manila galleons. (PDF) The Coconut Industry: A Review of Price - ResearchGate The coconut industry also generates employment and supports local businesses, contributing to the overall economic development of these communities. [165], Researchers from the Melbourne Museum in Australia observed the octopus species Amphioctopus marginatus use tools, specifically coconut shells, for defense and shelter. (January 27, 1967). [140][141] It can also be fermented to produce a jelly-like dessert known as nata de coco. These are grown for recreational purposes or as an income generator. A coconut is the edible fruit of the coconut palm (Cocos nucifera), a tree of the palm family. Predominantly, the Philippines, Indonesia, India, . Several countries' economies are based on the coconut palm. Besides, the stem is used for construction of houses and leaves are used for thatching, fencing and making baskets and broomsticks. Theyre mostly green until they fully mature. The coconut is also a popular ingredient in many types of cuisine, including Southeast Asian, South Asian, and Caribbean dishes. Coconut oil is one of nine internationally traded vegetable oils and ranks eighth in global production. [61][63] The tall variety is outcrossing while dwarf palms are self-pollinating, which has led to a much greater degree of genetic diversity within the tall group. The fresh husk of a brown coconut may serve as a dish sponge or body sponge. Its development would . [158], The leftover fiber from coconut oil and coconut milk production, coconut meal, is used as livestock feed. Bertrand, Mireille. Handwritten notes availableIf you find any doubt then you can ask me in the comment section below Please do like,share, comment the video and subscr. Numerous other dwarf cultivars also developed as the initial dwarf cultivar was introduced to other regions and hybridized with various tall cultivars. The fruit however was compacted in the fossilization process and it was not possible to determine if it had the diagnostic three pores that characterize members of the tribe Cocoseae. A hard shell encloses the insignificant embryo with its abundant endosperm, composed of both meat and liquid. Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the market's oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. It is also used as a natural moisturizer, especially for winter. From this vinegar jaggery and sugar is prepared. 2) The Wet Meat or Kernel: The kernel or endospermis an important article of food being used in culinary purpose. The UAE has, however, imposed strict laws on mature coconut tree imports from other countries to reduce the spread of pests to other native palm trees, as the mixing of date and coconut trees poses a risk of cross-species palm pests, such as rhinoceros beetles and red palm weevils. Moisturize properly after washing your face. A hard shell encloses the embryo with its abundant endosperm, composed of both meat and liquid. Medium chain fats have also been known to help in weight loss and reduce waist circumference. Malauhog has a "solid" sound when tapped, while Malakanin and Malakatad produce a "hollow" sound. Rajamohan T. Clinical Biochemistry. Coconut water can be fermented to produce coconut vinegar. The decreased buoyancy and increased fragility of this spherical, thin-husked fruit would not matter for a species that had started to be dispersed by humans and grown in plantations. Although these numbers are modest, coconut is an important food crop in Sri Lanka in that it provides This variety of oilseeds made up over 10 percent of the sector that year. Economic Importance of Coconut Oil | Bizfluent [181], Literary evidence from the Ramayana and Sri Lankan chronicles indicates that the coconut was present in the Indian subcontinent before the 1st centuryBCE. coconut, edible fruit of the coconut palm ( Cocos nucifera ), a tree of the palm family (Arecaceae). [44], Coconuts have a nearly cosmopolitan distribution due to human cultivation and dispersal. In addition to the traditional products of copra, coconut oil and copra meal, coconut has the unique advantage of producing a wide variety of food and environment friendly non-food products which are used both domestically and for a global export market. Coconut Research Center. The immature seeds are infested and desapped by larvae staying in the portion covered by the perianth of the immature seed; the seeds then drop off or survive deformed. Elvira is known for her creative approach to cuisine, and her passion for teaching others about the culinary arts. In many parts of the world, the cultivation and sale of coconuts is a major source of income, especially for those living in rural areas. The Coconut tree belongs to the palm family. Wild coconuts feature an elongated triangular fruit with a thicker husk and a smaller amount of endosperm. What's the economic importance of Makapuno coconut - Google Groups What Is The Importance Of Coconut? - Sweetish Hill [49][4] Indo-Atlantic type coconuts were also later spread by Arab and South Asian traders along the Indian Ocean basin, resulting in limited admixture with Pacific coconuts introduced earlier to Madagascar and the Comoros via the ancient Austronesian maritime trade network. The tender nut supplies coconut water, a popular thirst quencher of health and hygienic value. The production of coconuts plays an important role in the economy, with 25% of cultivated land (around 3.56 million hectares) used for coconut plantations and approximately 25 to 33% of the population reliant on coconuts for their livelihood. In 1987, a "coconut law" was signed by Governor Edwin Edwards exempting from insurance liability any decorated coconut "handed" from a Zulu float. 50 % of existing coconut palms have passed their economic bearing age (60 years) and are due for replanting, around 900 million coconut seedlings are required at a value of USD$ 2.7 Billion to secure a sustainable future for the global coconut estate. In the Hainuwele myth from Maluku, a girl emerges from the blossom of a coconut tree. [25] The female flower is much larger than the male flower. [76], Coconut palms are normally cultivated in hot and wet tropical climates. The coconut populations in the island show genetic admixture between the two subpopulations indicating that Pacific coconuts were brought by the Austronesian settlers that later interbred with the local Indo-Atlantic coconuts. Some of the intercrops identified include cassava, bananas, blackpepper and ginger. ; Muralidharan, K.; Parthasarathy, V.A. Coconut water can be drunk fresh or used in cooking as in binakol. Encyclopaedia Brittanica online. Coconut oil is moisturizing and has been used for centuries as a hair tonic and skin care product. If the juice does not taste fresh, throw the coconut away. Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the market's oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. Spread coconut flakes thinly on a baking sheet and put them in the oven for around five or 10 minutes until they're golden brown. Coconut oil has high world demand as an ingredient in cosmetics, soaps, hair oils, body oils and in food products and has surged in popularity because of its health benefits. Malakanin (literally "cooked rice-like") refers to young coconut meat (around 78 months old) which has a more opaque white appearance, a soft texture similar to cooked rice, and can still be easily scraped off the coconut shell. Neera has a low glycemic count at 35 compared to cane sugar or sugarcane juice that has a glycemic count of 80. It is sweet and high in nutritional value. Additionally, a genetically distinct subpopulation of coconut on the Pacific coast of Latin America has undergone a genetic bottleneck resulting from a founder effect; however, its ancestral population is the Pacific coconut from the Philippines. Global Coconut production yields 6 million tons in coconut oil equivalent annually and 70% is produced by Philippines, Indonesia and India, Coconut area as a % of viable arable and permanent cropland. Coconut oil, from the seed of the palm coconut, Cocos nucifera, is highly revered in Asia as the "Tree of Life" or as the fruit of the gods. Hemera Technologies/Photos.com/Getty Images. The falling of their mature fruit has led to preoccupation with death by coconut.[3][5]. The edible white, fleshy part of the seed (the endosperm) is known as the "coconut meat", "coconut flesh", or "coconut kernel. Samosir (eds.) [158], The Zulu Social Aid and Pleasure Club of New Orleans traditionally throws hand-decorated coconuts, one of the most valuable Mardi Gras souvenirs, to parade revelers. [125] These can be toasted or baked to make bacon-like fixings. The reasons why coconut are cultivated only in Yemen's Al Mahrah and Hadramaut governorates and in the Sultanate of Oman, but not in other suitable areas in the Arabian Peninsula, may originate from the fact that Oman and Hadramaut had long dhow trade relations with Burma, Malaysia, Indonesia, East Africa, and Zanzibar, as well as southern India and China. [82][78][83] Other manual methods to make climbing easier include using a system of pulleys and ropes; using pieces of vine, rope, or cloth tied to both hands or feet; using spikes attached to the feet or legs; or attaching coconut husks to the trunk with ropes. However, the word cocus could also mean "cook" like coquus in Latin,[42] so Linnaeus chose Cocos directly from the Portuguese word coco instead. Coconut oil and milk are ingredients in cooking, frying, soaps and cosmetics, and foods like margarine and popcorn. It is eaten as is or used as an ingredient in various dishes. Economic importance of Coconut (Notes) - YouTube [1] The term "coconut" (or the archaic "cocoanut")[2] can refer to the whole coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit, which botanically is a drupe, not a nut. In the Philippines, the coconut is commonly called the "tree of life". Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the market's oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. It is known as a bunot in the Philippines and simply a "coconut brush" in Jamaica. "[117] In the coconut industry, coconut meat can be classified loosely into three different types depending on maturity namely "Malauhog", "Malakanin" and "Malakatad". Stem Aerial, erect, unbranched and columnar, having prominent scars of leaf bases. [174], The flowers are used sometimes in wedding ceremonies in Cambodia. (1995). The President, National Coconut Producers, Processors and Marketers Association of Nigeria (NACOPPMAN), Nma Okoroji, has said coconuts can help generate over $400 billion for the Nigerian economy . Coconut trees also are increasingly grown for decorative purposes along the coasts of the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia with the help of irrigation.