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PDF Government Rectangular Survey System (GRSM) 27 chapters | Note that the more detailed legal descriptions usually begin with the smallest area and work to the largest. Half sections have an area of 320 acres. The area is further divided into six-mile segments using range lines that run parallel to the principal meridian and township lines that run parallel to the baselines. This system created a checkerboard of identical squares using longitude lines and latitude lines . Each one square mile section is 640 acres. The rectangular survey or government survey describes. Definition Of Government Rectangular Survey In Real Estate PLSS The Public Land Survey System is a way of subdividing and describing land in the United States. The rectangular survey system is comprised of principal meridian lines that cover most states in the US, running north to south and baselines running east to west. Attachments & Severance in Real Estate: Definitions, Examples & Laws. Accretion, Avulsion & Reliction: Definition & Effects, Extent of Ownership and Real Property: Air, Surface & Subsurface, Real Property vs. Real Estate | Concepts, Terms & Differences. . Standard parallels run east to west along with the baseline. There are 36 sections in a township, and each section contains one square mile, which is 640 acres. Dummies has always stood for taking on complex concepts and making them easy to understand. Way in which the U.S. government uses to subdivide public land. We have Quarter sections, Half sections, township sections, townships, quadrangles, and principal meridians with baselines. The land is then further divided into quadrangles. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. Principal meridians, baselines, and where they intersect (cross each other) are used as the basis for formulating property descriptions in this system. The coordinates are then used to create a legal description for the property. You have 80 acres in that plot of land, and that is your answer. These range lines form ranges. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. 6 b/c each township is divided in 36 sections, each section is 1 sq mile; 36/6 = 6 in each row. The rectangular survey system may just be a giant grid covering the United States, but understanding how it is used can seem a little complex, so stick with us while we cover the basic definitions. This is not merely the address of the property but is a legal description. Legal Descriptions Using The Government Survey System lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. The first sets of lines respectively are called principal meridians, which run north and south, and baselines, which run east and west. Rectangular Survey System This is also called the section and township system or U.S. Government Section and Township Survey, established in the nineteenth century by the U.S. Surveyor General to survey public lands. 2021 KnowYourGovernment.netContact us: [emailprotected], Introduction to administration of Web Survey System Part 2, Estimating a weighted average CSR2 in Iowa using the USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey, How To Find Lost Money From The Government, What Is The Interest Rate On Government Student Loans, Local Government Federal Credit Union App, When Is Open Enrollment For Government Healthcare, Government Grants For Commercial Real Estate, Government Regulations For Nonprofit Organizations, Surveyor General of the Northwest Territory, Energy Efficient Windows Government Grants, Mortgage Loans For Federal Government Employees, Free Government Foreclosure Listings With Pictures. Dont Miss: Small Business Loan Government Programs. Rectangular Government Survey. Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Different Types of Estates in Real Estate, Legal Description of Property: Definition, Importance & Example, What is a Land Survey? Using principal meridians and baselines as points of reference, land areas are divided by two kinds of lines, township lines and range lines. Areas smaller than full-size sections are known as government lots and are numbered and placed in fractional sections. Take for example there is a shared baseline in both Nebraska and Kansas as both states border is at the 40th parallel north. The government survey system legal land description method is the subject of this article. Principal meridians run perpendicular to the earths equator, north to south. Dummies helps everyone be more knowledgeable and confident in applying what they know. The principal meridians and baselines are based respectively on lines of longitude and latitude.\r\n\r\nYoure likely to see at least a few questions on the real estate license exams on calculating the area of part of a section, and youll also see questions about terminology and some of the measurements that the rectangular survey system uses. It can be a quick and relatively straightforward way of dividing large areas of land into manageable, legally identifiable sections from the very large to the fairly small. The rectangular survey system devised for the PLSS is often credited to Thomas Jefferson. Sections can be further divided into halves and quarters. Rectangular Survey System: Definition & Uses - Study.com Half sections have an area of 320 acres. Types of Tenancy in Real Estate | Overview, Leases & Examples, Lien Theory State vs. Records kept by the surveyors during the execution of the work varied over time. Where the two range lines and two township lines intersect, they form a township.\r\n\r\nNow, the way it really works is for this page to be filled with the lines going up and down and right to left so that you have many townships. The rectangular survey describes property location as fractions of sections, which are part of townships, and provide distance measurements from principal meridians, base lines and range lines. Quadrangles have an area of 576 square miles, more or less, and are divided into 16 townships.\r\n \t

Townships: The divisions of a quadrangle, townships, are six miles square (six miles on each side) and are delineated by township lines. In the entire nation, there are only 36 principal meridians. He is also a real estate investor, board gamer and homebrewer. The system uses Metes, which are straight lines connecting two points, and Bounds, which are identifiable aspects of a property. These sections are referred to as fractional sections. It was originally proposed by U.S. President Thomas Jefferson as a means of keeping track of the ever-expanding land area of the United States. Township lines, which run east and west, parallel to baselines, are horizontal parallel lines that form township tiers. The legal description includes the state name, the meridian name, the township and range directions, and usually the section number. Of course. Also Check: Government Regulations For Nonprofit Organizations. Rectangular Survey System - Divides land into rectangles - The system is based on two sets of lines - Principal Meridians and Base Lines Principal Meridians - Vertical lines, crossing base line. Each piece of land is measured only from one meridian, and it may not be the one closest in proximity to the piece of land. It is a rectangular approach to surveying the land breaking the district down to quadrangles of 24 miles. Its worth noting quadrangles are not used when identifying land with the rectangular survey method, only the principal meridians, baselines, and townships and sections. [/caption]\r\n\r\nA full rectangular survey system property description might read:\r\n

The SW 1/4 of the NE 1/4 of the NW 1/4 of Section 6, Township 4 South, Range 5, East of the Third Principal Meridian. [2] How Do Metes and Bounds Differ From the Rectangular Survey System? The rectangular survey system, often referred to as the government survey system, is based on a system of lines that form rectangles and squares throughout the United States. The numbering continues directly beneath the sixth section, except that it progresses from left to right on the second tier. The lot and block survey system is a method used in the United States and Canada to locate and identify land, particularly for lots in densely populated metropolitan areas, suburban areas, and exurbs. Sections also are numbered consecutively. The real estate exam probably wont ask you what states use the Metes and Bounds system or the Rectangular Survey System, but they may ask you which system your state uses. In other words, after section number 6, it drops down to 7 on the next tier then goes left to right to number 12. The boundary of each township is 6 miles long, so a township contains 36 square miles and is described as being 6 miles square. The guide meridians occur every 24 miles east and west of the principal meridian. The Rectangular Survey System is a method of surveying designed to divide the real property into specified plots. Each half or quarter section can be further subdivided into halves and quarters. They are often combined to create a more accurate map of property boundaries. Doing the math, its 1/2 1/4 640 = 80 acres. Quarter sections have an area of 160 acres.

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Half sections: Half section is a description of any two abutting quarter sections within a section, usually accompanied by a directional notation indicating the half of the section in which the two quarter sections are located. Livable, Rentable & Usable Area: Definition & Examples. That means it is 3 townships north of the baseline and 5 townships east of the principal meridian. There may also be questions about how much land is in a specific plot or section. The system was created by Thomas Jefferson in 1785. Lines that are parallel to the Base Line are called the standard parallels which run at 24-mile intervals north and south of the Base Line. Congress created it in 1785 as a more straightforward, faster and more accurate way to identify land. You need to know what these lines are called and how they intersect for your real estate license exam. )\r\nThe description probably would include the state and county in which the property is located and use abbreviations. Join over 10,000 subscribers and pass your exam today! Using the land noted on the image, a parcel could be defined as the West half of the Southeast quarter of Section 14 of Township 2 South, Range 3 West. The guide meridians occur every 24 miles east and west of the principal meridian. The boundary of each township is 6 miles long, so a township contains 36 square miles and is described as being 6 miles square. The implementation of the system begins with the identification of the reference lines: the east-west line called the Base Line and the north-south line is also known for the name principal meridian. Since the lines that create them are six miles apart, they are 24 miles around and include an area of 36 square miles, which is 23,040 acres. What is Rectangular Survey System Description? - Civil Stuff The numbering continues directly beneath the sixth section, except that it progresses from left to right on the second tier. The real estate exam probably wont ask you what states use the Metes and Bounds system or the Rectangular Survey System, but they may ask you which system your state uses. This system is also needed to divide all of the lands in the public domain which is possessed by the US federal government to benefit the American citizens. Metes and bounds were used as the primary survey method before 1785 and were fairly inaccurate, especially before GPS technology. There are various issues with the names on the very small land parcels in several states. Correction lines occur at every fourth township line or every 24 miles north and south of the baseline. The first sets of lines respectively are called principal meridians, which run north and south, and baselines, which run east and west. Tenancy at Will Laws & Examples | What is an Estate at Will? Remember that although these correction lines and guide meridians are the way the government deals with the issue of the earths curvature, it isnt the way the government survey system describes land. Monuments are also placed at quarter-section corners and at other important points, such as the corners of government lots. You got it: Tic tac toe. 1 Square mile is equal to 640 acres. How Do You Use the Rectangular Survey System? Since the earth is not flat like a checkerboard, there needed to be some adjustments made along the way to make sure everything worked out. The townships are consecutively numbered by their location within the intersection of multiple range lines and township lines. Each township is further divided into 36 sections of one square mile each, or 640 acres, by horizontal and vertical section lines. For example, a legal description of Missouri, Fifth Principal Meridian, T4S, R7E, sec 23 indicates a property that is 4 townships south and 7 townships east of the Fifth Principal Meridian in Missouri. Youre so square more or less The rectangular survey system A government check represents an area that measures 576 square miles.\r\n\r\nRemember that although these correction lines and guide meridians are the way the government deals with the issue of the earths curvature, it isnt the way the government survey system describes land. In reality, because of this earth curvature issue, many sections and townships vary from their exact area measurements. Rectangular Government Survey System.pdf - Rectangular government rectangular survey system - Barrons Dictionary - AllBusiness.com You can drill down by clicking on the land map, but you need to click the calc button to get the latitude and longitude. Annexation in Real Estate: Method & Laws | What is Annexation? Using the Fifth Principal Meridian in Missouri, the description would look like this: The W 1/2 of the SE 1/4 of Section 14, Township 2 South, Range 3 West of the Fifth Principal Meridian, Missouri. It is extended north from the Base Line and runs at 24 miles east and west from the principal meridian. The fifth township south of the baseline and fourth to the west of the principal meridian would be identified as Missouri, Fifth Principal Meridian, Township 5 South, Range 4 West, or Missouri, Fifth Principal Meridian, T5S, R4W. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 These are known as correction lines and guide meridians. Continue with Recommended Cookies. TRID Guidelines & Compliance Checklist | What is TRID? Rectangular Survey System Uses & Examples - Study.com A rectangular survey is read based on the state and meridian line and the property's location, directionally, to that line. Metes and Bounds surveys are still used in many states; however, they differ from the Public Land Survey System as they are not based on any grid but instead identify objects on the land, measurements, and compass directions. The Rectangular Survey System, also known as the Government Survey System or Public Land Survey System, is a method of plotting land boundaries in the United States using a large grid made up of rectangles. The rectangular survey or government survey describes So, you can refer to the south (S) 1/2 of the northwest (NW) 1/4 of a section in a township, for example. The Rectangular Survey System, also known as the Public Land Survey System (PLSS) or the Government Survey System, is a way of measuring and establishing boundary lines for large areas of land. Concepts will include principal meridians, the PLSS, and how sections of a township are. These divisions mean just that. The system is used to divide public lands into townships, sections, halves, and quarters. The rectangular survey or government survey describes land by reference to a. 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John A. Yoegel, PhD, is a certified real estate instructor and former board member of the Real Estate Educators Association.